As winter approaches in Texas, the possibility of severe storms looms. Texans must be prepared for the unique challenges these weather events bring. Snow, ice, and freezing temperatures can disrupt daily life and pose serious risks to safety and property.
Proper preparation is crucial for weathering a Texas winter storm safely. This includes stocking up on essential supplies, winterizing homes and vehicles, and staying informed about weather conditions. Residents should have an emergency kit ready with non-perishable food, water, warm clothing, and medications.
Taking proactive steps can make a significant difference in how well Texans fare during winter storms. By understanding the potential hazards and implementing preventive measures, individuals and families can minimize the impact of severe winter weather on their lives and property.
Understanding Texas Winter Storms
Texas winter storms can be severe and impactful events that require preparedness and vigilance. These weather phenomena bring unique challenges to a state more accustomed to heat than cold.
Historical Impact of Winter Storms on Texas
Winter Storm Uri in February 2021 was one of the most devastating storms to hit Texas in recent history. It caused widespread power outages, water shortages, and transportation disruptions. The storm resulted in 246 deaths according to official reports.
Prior to Uri, Texas had experienced other significant winter weather events. These storms have exposed vulnerabilities in the state’s infrastructure and emergency response systems.
The economic impact of severe winter weather in Texas can be substantial. Damages from past storms have included frozen pipes, agricultural losses, and business interruptions.
Winter Storm Warning and Watches
The National Weather Service issues winter storm warnings when hazardous winter conditions are imminent or occurring. These warnings typically come 12 to 24 hours before the event begins.
Winter storm watches alert the public to the possibility of severe winter weather. They are issued when conditions are favorable for dangerous winter phenomena.
A blizzard warning indicates sustained winds or frequent gusts of 35 mph or greater, combined with falling or blowing snow. These conditions can severely limit visibility.
Winter weather advisories are issued for less severe but still potentially dangerous winter weather events.
Typical Weather Patterns During Texan Winters
Texas winters are generally mild compared to northern states, but can experience sudden and dramatic temperature drops. The state’s large size means weather can vary significantly between regions.
North Texas often sees colder temperatures and a higher likelihood of snow and ice. Central and East Texas may experience freezing rain and sleet more frequently.
The Gulf Coast region typically has milder winters but can be vulnerable to quick-moving cold fronts. These can cause rapid temperature changes and potential hazards.
El Niño and La Niña patterns can influence Texas winter weather. El Niño often brings wetter, cooler winters, while La Niña tends to result in warmer, drier conditions.
Pre-Storm Preparation
Effective preparation is crucial for weathering a Texas winter storm safely and comfortably. Taking proactive steps can help protect your home, ensure essential supplies are on hand, and keep your family safe during severe weather events.
Insulating and Protecting Your Home
Insulate pipes to prevent freezing and bursting. Wrap exposed pipes with foam insulation or heat tape. Seal gaps around windows and doors with weatherstripping or caulk to keep cold air out. Clean gutters and downspouts to prevent ice dams. Trim tree branches near your house to reduce the risk of damage from falling limbs.
Install storm windows or cover windows with plastic sheeting. Check your roof for damage or loose shingles. Insulate your attic to maintain indoor temperatures. Service your heating system and change filters. Test carbon monoxide detectors and smoke alarms, replacing batteries if needed.
Assembling an Emergency Kit
Create a kit with essential items to last at least 72 hours. Include flashlights, extra batteries, a battery-powered or hand-crank radio, and a first aid kit. Pack warm clothing, blankets, and sleeping bags. Add a multi-tool, duct tape, and work gloves for repairs.
Stock non-perishable food items like canned goods, dried foods, and energy bars. Include a manual can opener. Pack personal hygiene items and prescription medications. Add important documents in a waterproof container. Include cash and a battery bank for charging devices.
Creating an Emergency Plan
Develop a family communication plan. Designate an out-of-area contact everyone can check in with. Identify meeting places both in your neighborhood and outside your area. Practice your plan regularly with all family members.
Learn how to shut off your home’s water valves to prevent pipe damage. Know the location of your electrical panel and how to turn off the power if necessary. Plan for the needs of pets, elderly family members, and those with medical conditions.
Securing Adequate Food and Water Supplies
Store at least one gallon of water per person per day for drinking and sanitation. Aim for a 7-day supply. Fill bathtubs and large containers with water for flushing toilets and cleaning.
Stock up on non-perishable foods that don’t require cooking or refrigeration. Include protein-rich options like canned meats, beans, and nuts. Store comfort foods and snacks to boost morale. Check expiration dates and rotate supplies regularly.
Consider a camping stove or grill for cooking, but only use outdoors. Keep a supply of disposable plates, cups, and utensils. Store food in airtight containers to protect from pests and moisture.
Health and Safety Measures
Winter storms pose serious health risks. Taking proper precautions and knowing how to respond to emergencies can save lives during extreme cold weather events.
Preventing Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Install carbon monoxide detectors on every level of your home. Test them monthly and replace batteries annually. Never use generators, grills, or other gasoline/charcoal-burning devices inside your home or garage. Keep these at least 20 feet from windows and doors.
Open fireplace flues before lighting fires. Have chimneys and heating systems inspected yearly by professionals. If you smell gas or suspect a carbon monoxide leak, leave immediately and call emergency services.
Clear snow from vents and exhaust pipes to prevent blockages. Never run vehicles in enclosed spaces like garages. Carbon monoxide is odorless and can be deadly within minutes.
First Aid and Handling Medical Emergencies
Stock up on prescription medications before storms hit. Create an emergency medical kit with first aid supplies, over-the-counter medicines, and a list of important medical information.
Learn CPR and basic first aid. Know how to treat cold-related conditions like hypothermia. Keep emergency numbers handy, including your doctor and poison control.
For medical emergencies during storms, call 911 if possible. If roads are impassable, contact local emergency management for assistance. Be prepared to treat injuries or illness at home if help is delayed.
Protecting Against Hypothermia and Frostbite
Dress in layers when going outside. Wear a hat, gloves, and waterproof boots. Cover all exposed skin to prevent frostbite. Limit time outdoors and come inside to warm up regularly.
Watch for signs of hypothermia: shivering, exhaustion, confusion, slurred speech. If suspected, warm the person slowly and seek medical attention immediately.
Check on elderly neighbors and those with health conditions. Bring pets indoors. Never use an oven to heat your home. Use space heaters safely, keeping them away from flammable objects.
Keep a working smoke detector and fire extinguisher on each floor of your home. Have an escape plan in case of fire. Stay hydrated and eat high-energy foods to help your body produce heat.
Animal and Pet Safety
Cold temperatures and winter storms pose serious risks to animals and pets. Proper preparation and care are essential to keep them safe and healthy during severe weather events.
Caring for Pets During Severe Winter Weather
Bring pets indoors during cold weather, especially at night. If outdoor sheltering is unavoidable, provide a warm, sturdy structure with dry bedding and protection from wind.
Increase food portions for outdoor pets, as they burn more calories to stay warm. Ensure constant access to unfrozen water by using heated bowls or changing water frequently.
Protect paws from ice and salt by using pet-friendly ice melt products and wiping paws after walks. Consider booties for added protection.
Be cautious with antifreeze, which is toxic to pets. Clean up spills immediately and store containers securely out of reach.
Short-haired or small pets may benefit from a sweater or coat when outdoors. Limit time outside for elderly or sick animals.
Check vehicles before starting, as cats often seek warmth under car hoods. Make noise or tap the hood to alert any hidden animals.
Property and Vehicle Preparedness
Protecting your home and car from winter storm damage requires proactive measures. Proper insulation, maintenance, and emergency preparedness can help safeguard your property and ensure safe travel during harsh Texas winters.
Winterizing Your Property
Insulate pipes to prevent freezing and bursting. Wrap exposed pipes with foam insulation or heat tape. Seal cracks and gaps around windows and doors with caulk to keep cold air out. Trim tree branches near your house to avoid damage from ice and snow accumulation.
Check your roof for damaged shingles and repair as needed. Clean gutters to prevent ice dams. Insulate your attic to maintain indoor temperatures and reduce energy costs. Install storm windows or cover existing windows with plastic sheeting for added insulation.
Test your heating system and change filters. Have a professional inspect your furnace annually. Consider installing a programmable thermostat to optimize energy usage. Keep a supply of firewood if you have a fireplace or wood-burning stove.
Vehicle Maintenance for Winter Conditions
Check your car battery and replace if necessary, as cold weather can reduce battery life. Inspect tires for proper tread depth and consider switching to winter tires for better traction. Maintain proper tire pressure, which can fluctuate in cold temperatures.
Top off antifreeze and windshield washer fluid with winter-grade solutions. Replace worn windshield wipers. Check your brakes and have them serviced if needed. Keep your gas tank at least half full to prevent fuel line freezing and provide extra range in emergencies.
Prepare an emergency kit for your vehicle, including:
- Blankets
- Flashlight and extra batteries
- Jumper cables
- Ice scraper and snow brush
- First aid kit
- Snacks and water
- Sand or kitty litter for traction
Store a small shovel and warm clothing in your car. Consider keeping tire chains for severe weather conditions.
Coping with Power and Utility Failures
Power outages during winter storms can be dangerous. Preparing backup power sources and knowing how to manage without utilities is crucial for safety and comfort.
Using Generators Safely
Generators provide essential backup power during outages. Place generators outdoors, at least 20 feet from windows and doors, to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning. Use heavy-duty extension cords rated for outdoor use.
Never connect generators directly to home wiring without a transfer switch installed by an electrician. This prevents backfeeding, which can endanger utility workers.
Fuel generators before the storm hits. Store extra fuel safely in approved containers away from living areas. Run generators only when necessary to conserve fuel.
Test generators monthly and perform regular maintenance. Keep spare parts on hand, like oil and air filters.
Managing Without Heating or Electricity
Layer clothing and use blankets to stay warm without power. Close off unused rooms and gather in one area. Hang blankets over windows and doors to reduce heat loss.
Use battery-powered lanterns or flashlights for lighting. Avoid candles due to fire risk. Keep extra batteries in your emergency supplies.
For food, use a cooler with ice to preserve perishables. Eat refrigerated foods first, then frozen items. Use a camping stove or grill outdoors for cooking.
Fill bathtubs and large containers with water before the storm for flushing toilets and washing. Have a supply of bottled water for drinking.
Unplug electronics to protect from power surges when electricity is restored. Leave one light on to know when power returns.
After the Storm
Once a winter storm passes, Texans face crucial tasks to recover and restore normalcy. Safety remains paramount as new hazards may emerge in the storm’s aftermath.
Assessing Property Damage
Carefully inspect your home’s exterior and interior for damage. Check the roof for missing shingles or ice dams. Look for cracks in walls, ceilings, or foundations. Examine windows and doors for gaps or broken seals.
Document all damage with photos and detailed notes. This evidence will be vital for insurance claims. Be cautious of structural issues that could pose safety risks.
Assess outdoor structures like fences, sheds, and garages. Look for downed trees or large branches that may have caused damage.
Preventing Post-Storm Accidents and Hazards
Clear snow and ice from walkways, driveways, and stairs to prevent slips and falls. Use sand or salt for traction on icy surfaces.
Be alert for falling icicles or snow from roofs. Safely remove heavy snow loads from roofs to prevent collapse.
Check for downed power lines and report them to authorities. Never touch or approach fallen lines.
Ensure proper ventilation when using generators or heating devices to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning.
Filing Insurance Claims
Contact your insurance provider promptly to report damage. Many companies have deadlines for filing claims after a storm.
Provide a detailed inventory of damaged items, including photos and estimated values. Keep receipts for any emergency repairs or temporary lodging.
Request a copy of your policy and review coverage details. Ask about specific winter storm provisions and deductibles.
Consider hiring a public adjuster for complex claims. They can help navigate the process and potentially increase your settlement.
Be prepared for an adjuster’s visit. Point out all damage and provide your documentation. Follow up regularly on the status of your claim.